本書是為全日制高等院校編寫的教學(xué)用書的下冊。上冊內(nèi)容包括運(yùn)動與力、熱現(xiàn)象、電與磁、波與粒子四部分, 下冊內(nèi)容包括習(xí)題解答和拓展閱讀兩部分。
目錄
第五篇習(xí)題解答
第 1章質(zhì)點(diǎn)運(yùn)動學(xué) ··················································· 3
1.1要點(diǎn)歸納 ····················································· 3
1.2習(xí)題解答 ····················································· 4第 2章動量角動量 ················································· 10
2.1要點(diǎn)歸納 ····················································· 10
2.2習(xí)題解答 ····················································· 11第 3章功和能 ······················································· 19
3.1要點(diǎn)歸納 ····················································· 19
3.2習(xí)題解答 ····················································· 20第 4章流體力學(xué) ····················································· 25
4.1要點(diǎn)歸納 ····················································· 25
4.2習(xí)題解答 ····················································· 26第 5章振動 ························································· 30
5.1要點(diǎn)歸納 ····················································· 30
5.2習(xí)題解答 ····················································· 31第 6章狹義相對論基礎(chǔ) ··············································· 36
6.1要點(diǎn)歸納 ····················································· 36
6.2習(xí)題解答 ····················································· 37第 7章氣體動理論 ··················································· 41
7.1要點(diǎn)歸納 ····················································· 41
7.2習(xí)題解答 ····················································· 42第 8章熱力學(xué)基礎(chǔ) ··················································· 50
8.1要點(diǎn)歸納 ····················································· 50
8.2習(xí)題解答 ····················································· 51第 9章靜電場 ······················································· 60
9.1要點(diǎn)歸納 ····················································· 60
9.2習(xí)題解答 ····················································· 61
第 10章恒定磁場 ····················································· 77
10.1要點(diǎn)歸納 ····················································· 77
10.2習(xí)題解答 ····················································· 78
ii目錄
第 11章電磁感應(yīng)與電磁場 ·············································· 90
11.1要點(diǎn)歸納 ····················································· 90
11.2習(xí)題解答 ····················································· 91第 12章波動 ························································· 99
12.1要點(diǎn)歸納 ····················································· 99
12.2習(xí)題解答 ····················································· 100第 13章光波 ························································· 107
13.1要點(diǎn)歸納 ····················································· 107
13.2習(xí)題解答 ····················································· 109第 14章量子物理學(xué)初步 ··············································· 116
14.1要點(diǎn)歸納 ····················································· 116
14.2習(xí)題解答 ····················································· 117第 15章原子核與基本粒子 ·············································· 124
15.1要點(diǎn)歸納 ····················································· 124
15.2習(xí)題解答 ····················································· 125
第六篇拓展閱讀
拓展 A物理學(xué)與生命科學(xué) ·············································· 129
A.1物理學(xué)與大學(xué)教育 ·············································· 129
A.2生命科學(xué)專業(yè)的學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)物理學(xué)的目的和意義 ························ 130
A.3力學(xué)與生命科學(xué) ················································ 131
A.4熱學(xué)與生命科學(xué) ················································ 133
A.5電磁學(xué)與生命科學(xué) ·············································· 134
A.6光學(xué)與生命科學(xué) ················································ 136
A.7量子力學(xué)與生命科學(xué) ············································ 138拓展 B非線性系統(tǒng)與生命科學(xué) ·········································· 141
B.1混沌 ························································· 141
B.2維數(shù)概念的劃時(shí)代突破 分維 ··································· 145
B.3混沌與分形的聯(lián)系 ·············································· 147
B.4耗散結(jié)構(gòu) ····················································· 147拓展 C生物電磁效應(yīng) ················································· 149
C.1生物體中的電學(xué)特征 ············································ 149
C.2外電場對生物體的影響 ·········································· 150
C.3生物體中的磁學(xué)特征 ············································ 151拓展 D值得借鑒的思維方法 ············································ 154
D.1認(rèn)知論 ······················································· 154
D.2類比法的應(yīng)用 ················································· 158
目錄
D.3演繹法在相對論中的應(yīng)用 ········································ 159
D.4模型化方法 ··················································· 163
D.5自由思維 ····················································· 166
D.6現(xiàn)代物理學(xué)與經(jīng)典物理學(xué)思維研究方法的差異 ························ 167拓展 E光攝技術(shù) ····················································· 168
E.1光懾原理 ····················································· 168
E.2光懾的構(gòu)造 ··················································· 170
E.3光懾在生命科學(xué)領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用 ····································· 171拓展 F超離心技術(shù) ··················································· 173拓展 G傅里葉變換紅外光譜儀的原理 ···································· 175拓展 H紅外線與紅外技術(shù) ·············································· 177
H.1紅外線的產(chǎn)生 ················································· 177
H.2紅外線的檢測 ················································· 178
H.3紅外技術(shù) ····················································· 179拓展 I超導(dǎo)體的電磁特性 ·············································· 182
I.1零電阻 ······················································· 182
I.2過斯納效應(yīng) ··················································· 184拓展 J電磁場的相對性 ··············································· 186
J.1在不同參考系測量電場 ·········································· 186
J.2動量和力的變換 ················································ 188
J.3靜止電荷對運(yùn)動電荷的作用力 ····································· 189
J.4運(yùn)動電荷對運(yùn)動電荷的作用力 ····································· 189
J.5電磁場的變換 ················································· 190拓展 K若干專題分析 ················································· 192
K.1行星的運(yùn)動軌道 ················································ 192
K.2對振動問題的進(jìn)一步討論 ········································ 194
K.3相對論質(zhì)速關(guān)系和質(zhì)能關(guān)系的必然性 ······························· 198
K.4再論大氣壓強(qiáng)隨高度的變化······································· 201
K.5電勢的多極展開 ················································ 202
K.6光場的時(shí)空相干性 ·············································· 204拓展 L基于量綱分析的建模方法 ········································ 210
L.1量綱與量綱分析 ················································ 210
L.2建模方法和步驟 ················································ 212