《新里程大學(xué)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)說(shuō)教程》是在教育部頒布的《大學(xué)英語(yǔ)課程教學(xué)要求》(2020 版)總方針的指導(dǎo)下,基于北京師范大學(xué)“綜合英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)說(shuō)” 課程近五年的教學(xué)改革實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),廣泛借鑒國(guó)內(nèi)外優(yōu)秀的英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)說(shuō)教材編寫(xiě)而成的。自教材編寫(xiě)項(xiàng)目啟動(dòng)以來(lái),編者們密切合作,充分發(fā)揮各自專長(zhǎng),聽(tīng)取專家意見(jiàn),訪談學(xué)生,確定了教材的設(shè)計(jì)理念和編寫(xiě)方案。經(jīng)過(guò)近兩年的精誠(chéng)合作和反復(fù)打磨,現(xiàn)在終于與讀者們見(jiàn)面了。
教材特點(diǎn)
《新里程大學(xué)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)說(shuō)教程》的主要特點(diǎn)如下:
1. 以體裁為基礎(chǔ)
本教材最大的特色是依據(jù)聽(tīng)力文本的體裁劃分單元,并配以相關(guān)的主題內(nèi)容。語(yǔ)篇知識(shí)有助于聽(tīng)力理解,這已經(jīng)成為研究者和廣大英語(yǔ)教師的共識(shí),但怎樣將語(yǔ)篇知識(shí)傳授給學(xué)生,從而提高他們的聽(tīng)說(shuō)能力呢?在本教材中,編者做出了以下三個(gè)方面的嘗試:第一,以顯性的方式將特定的文本結(jié)構(gòu)呈現(xiàn)給學(xué)生,每個(gè)單元的“Language in Focus”專門介紹不同體裁的語(yǔ)篇特點(diǎn),如故事、對(duì)話、講座、新聞等;第二,提供各種圖示引起學(xué)生對(duì)文本結(jié)構(gòu)的注意,如第四單元專門設(shè)計(jì)了用流程圖、層級(jí)概括圖等來(lái)顯示文本結(jié)構(gòu);第三,強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練聽(tīng)力技巧,精心設(shè)計(jì)多種題型,如預(yù)測(cè)、概括、結(jié)構(gòu)圖等練習(xí)題都以語(yǔ)篇為主來(lái)強(qiáng)化篇章結(jié)構(gòu)知識(shí)。
2. 以真實(shí)性為原則
本教材在選材上強(qiáng)調(diào)真實(shí)性,所有語(yǔ)料都是原汁原味的真實(shí)語(yǔ)篇,既有音頻又有視頻,既有單人陳述又有雙人或者多人討論等交互模式。語(yǔ)料選材除了對(duì)來(lái)源有嚴(yán)格的要求外,對(duì)內(nèi)容的合適性也有明確的規(guī)定——與時(shí)俱進(jìn),傳遞正面的幸福觀、健康觀、環(huán)保觀等。同時(shí),聽(tīng)力任務(wù)的設(shè)計(jì)也最大限度地體現(xiàn)了綜合性和互動(dòng)性。教材中除了有傳統(tǒng)的多項(xiàng)選擇的聽(tīng)力理解題,還有近10 種不同的題型,如簡(jiǎn)答題、配對(duì)題、圖表題、寫(xiě)作等。這些不僅有利于提高學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)綜合能力,而且確保任務(wù)完成過(guò)程更接近于真實(shí)的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用。
3. 以實(shí)際交流為導(dǎo)向
跨文化交流中的文化因素是成功進(jìn)行日常交流的關(guān)鍵。有時(shí),學(xué)習(xí)者說(shuō)的話雖然語(yǔ)法正確,但卻“得罪”了人,這在很大程度上是由于不了解對(duì)方的文化特點(diǎn)造成的。本教材的口語(yǔ)部分全部由具有多年外語(yǔ)教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)和國(guó)際交流經(jīng)歷的外籍教師編寫(xiě),并專門設(shè)計(jì)了“Conversational Tips”模塊,匯集日常交流中的一些常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題,以問(wèn)題為導(dǎo)向,針對(duì)性強(qiáng),介紹有用的具體會(huì)話策略,既注重流利度和準(zhǔn)確性,又強(qiáng)調(diào)得體性,幫助學(xué)生避開(kāi)跨文化交流的“暗堡”,培養(yǎng)跨文化意識(shí),從而實(shí)現(xiàn)內(nèi)容充實(shí)、表達(dá)得體的有效溝通。
教材構(gòu)成
本教材按不同的體裁和主題,共分9 個(gè)單元,可在一學(xué)期內(nèi)使用,每個(gè)單元包括以下8個(gè)板塊。
1. Dictation 聽(tīng)寫(xiě)預(yù)熱
以聽(tīng)寫(xiě)的形式激活本單元的主題詞匯,提高學(xué)生的詞匯識(shí)別力,一些重點(diǎn)詞匯會(huì)反復(fù)出現(xiàn)。
2. Listen for Fun 趣味英語(yǔ)
以幽默的英語(yǔ)小故事或者短對(duì)話活躍課堂氣氛,增加學(xué)習(xí)的愉悅感。
3. Language in Focus 語(yǔ)言聚焦
介紹各種文本體裁的語(yǔ)言特色和結(jié)構(gòu),如對(duì)話、故事、講座、新聞等,輔以多樣化的聽(tīng)力練習(xí)促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)。
4. Skills in Focus 技巧聚焦
介紹各種聽(tīng)力技巧,如概括大意、區(qū)分事實(shí)和觀點(diǎn)、做筆記等,并提供多樣化的聽(tīng)力練習(xí)。
5. TED Speech TED 演講
打通視頻通道,提供與主題相關(guān)的TED 精彩演講,并設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)練習(xí),進(jìn)一步培養(yǎng)聽(tīng)說(shuō)能力。
6. Listening in Tests 實(shí)戰(zhàn)測(cè)試
聽(tīng)力材料選自各大官方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化考試,如雅思、大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)考試等,讓學(xué)生學(xué)有所用,提高應(yīng)試能力。
7. Conversational Tips 口語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津
介紹日常交流中的重要交際功能,基于情境,易于學(xué)習(xí)和操練,幫助學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)地道的語(yǔ)言,根據(jù)所給的提示完成情境對(duì)話或討論,提高語(yǔ)用能力。
8. Supplementary Listening 聽(tīng)力拓展
在單元內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上,提供拓展練習(xí),供學(xué)生課后使用,加大輸入。
說(shuō)教程
教材使用建議
本教材共9 個(gè)單元,每單元4 學(xué)時(shí),一周2 學(xué)時(shí),每?jī)芍芸赏瓿? 個(gè)單元。
在單元教學(xué)方面,編者建議學(xué)生在課前完成“Dictation 聽(tīng)寫(xiě)預(yù)熱”,提前熟悉主題詞匯并訓(xùn)練聽(tīng)力基本功,促進(jìn)單詞識(shí)別的自動(dòng)化。教師在課堂上可以從“Listen for Fun 趣味英語(yǔ)”開(kāi)始,活躍課堂氣氛,使學(xué)生在聽(tīng)力中享受樂(lè)趣,提高成就感;之后重點(diǎn)完成“Language in Focus 語(yǔ)言聚焦”和“Skills in Focus 技巧聚焦”板塊,教授聽(tīng)力文本體裁、文體特色和聽(tīng)力技巧,并指導(dǎo)學(xué)生完成相關(guān)練習(xí);“Listening in Tests 實(shí)戰(zhàn)測(cè)試”和“TEDSpeech TED 演講”可在第3、4 課時(shí)中完成,加大輸入并鞏固之前的聽(tīng)力技巧,并輔以“Conversational Tips 口語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津”環(huán)節(jié)的課堂口語(yǔ)活動(dòng),小組互動(dòng),聽(tīng)說(shuō)結(jié)合“Supplementary Listening 聽(tīng)力拓展”可以放在課外,供學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)。
本教材緊隨改革的步伐,探索聽(tīng)說(shuō)教學(xué)新途徑,具有一定的創(chuàng)新性。編者用心良苦,希望能幫助學(xué)生提高聽(tīng)力和日常交流的口語(yǔ)能力,期待廣大師生能從本教材中有所收獲。鑒于編者水平有限,教材中難免出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤與不當(dāng)之處,懇請(qǐng)各位讀者在使用過(guò)程中提出寶貴意見(jiàn)。
編 者
北京師范大學(xué)
2020 年11 月
Unit One Spoken Language
Part 1 Dictation—The Ways to Improve Your Listening Comprehension 2
Part 2 Listen for Fun—Nice to Meet You 2
Part 3 Language in Focus—Features of Spoken Language 2
Part 4 Skills in Focus—Dictation 6
Part 5 TED Speech—A One-Woman Global Village 8
Part 6 Listening in Tests—Conversations in IELTS 9
Part 7 Conversational Tips—How to Start a Conversation 10
Part 8 Supplementary Listening—Seasons in the Sun 11
Unit Two Stories of Inventors
Part 1 Dictation—Inventions and Inventors 14
Part 2 Listen for Fun—A Blind Man and His Lantern 14
Part 3 Language in Focus—Basic Elements of a Story 14
Part 4 Skills in Focus—Identifying Main Idea and Supporting Details 18
Part 5 TED Speech—My Simple Invention, Designed to Keep My Grandfather Safe 20
Part 6 Listening in Tests—Stories in CET 4 21
Part 7 Conversational Tips—How to Change the Topic 22
Part 8 Supplementary Listening—A Behavioral Science Experiment 24
Unit Three College Life
Part 1 Dictation—Freedom in College Life 26
Part 2 Listen for Fun—Tooth Extracting 26
Part 3 Language in Focus—Features of Conversation 26
Part 4 Skills in Focus—Listening for Implied Meaning 29
Part 5 TED Speech—5 Ways to Kill Your Dreams 31
Part 6 Listening in Tests—Conversations in CET 4 31
Part 7 Conversational Tips—How to Discuss the Present Perfectly 33
Part 8 Supplementary Listening—A Casual Dialogue 34
Unit Four Plants
Part 1 Dictation—Growing Plants Without Soil 38
Part 2 Listen for Fun—A Clever Prisoner 38
Part 3 Language in Focus—Features of Explaining a Process 38
Part 4 Skills in Focus—Using Flow Charts for a Process 43
Part 5 TED Speech—How to Grow a Forest in Your Backyard 44
Part 6 Listening in Tests—Processes in IELTS 45
Part 7 Conversational Tips—How to Disagree 47
Part 8 Supplementary Listening—How to Grow a Mango Tree from Seed 48
Unit Five Cultural Values
Part 1 Dictation—Building Blocks of Culture 50
Part 2 Listen for Fun—Jump into the Sea 50
Part 3 Language in Focus—Features of a Lecture 50
Part 4 Skills in Focus—Notes Technique I: Abbreviations and Symbols 54
Part 5 TED Speech—Understanding the Rise of China 56
Part 6 Listening in Tests—Lectures in IELTS 57
Part 7 Conversational Tips—How to Ask Questions in Different Ways 58
Part 8 Supplementary Listening—Hofstede’s Cultural Taxonomy 59
Unit Six Health
Part 1 Dictation—Health Tips 62
Part 2 Listen for Fun—Good News and Bad News 62
Part 3 Language in Focus—Features of Cause-and-Effect Relationship 62
Part 4 Skills in Focus—Notes Technique II: Cause-and-Effect Relationship 66
Part 5 TED Speech—The Coming Neurological Epidemic 69
Part 6 Listening in Tests—Lectures in IELTS 70
Part 7 Conversational Tips—How to Clarify Your Conversation 71
Part 8 Supplementary Listening—Why Thinking You're Ugly Is Bad for You 72
Unit Seven Personality and Happiness
Part 1 Dictation—Personality and Well-being 76
Part 2 Listen for Fun—Three Parrots 76
Part 3 Language in Focus—Features of Comparison 76
Part 4 Skills in Focus—Notes Technique III: Comparison 81
Part 5 TED Speech—What Makes a Good Life? 83
Part 6 Listening in Tests—Lectures in IELTS 84
Part 7 Conversational Tips—How to Be Polite 85
Part 8 Supplementary Listening—Steve Jobs vs. Confucius 86
Unit Eight Disasters and Accidents
Part 1 Dictation—Overview of Disasters and Accidents 90
Part 2 Listen for Fun—Probability of the Threat 90
Part 3 Language in Focus—Features of Hard News 90
Part 4 Skills in Focus—Listening for Numbers 94
Part 5 TED Speech—These Robots Come to the Rescue After a Disaster 95
Part 6 Listening in Tests—News in CET 4 96
Part 7 Conversational Tips—How to Show Regret 98
Part 8 Supplementary Listening—BBC News Reporting 99
Unit Nine Technology and Life
Part 1 Dictation—Modern Technology in Life 102
Part 2 Listen for Fun—Navajo Message for the Moon 102
Part 3 Language in Focus—Features of Soft News 102
Part 4 Skills in Focus—Listening for Facts and Opinions 107
Part 5 TED Speech—Space Technologies We Can Use to Improve Life on Earth 108
Part 6 Listening in Tests—Trip to Space 110
Part 7 Conversational Tips—How to Use Your Body Language 110
Part 8 Supplementary Listening—3D-Printed Home 112