第1章 云計(jì)算的概念與發(fā)展 ....................................................................................................... 1
1.1 云計(jì)算的概念及定義 ........................................................................................................ 1
1.2 云計(jì)算的發(fā)展歷程 ............................................................................................................ 3
1.3 云計(jì)算的特點(diǎn) .................................................................................................................... 6
1.4 云計(jì)算的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化 ................................................................................................................ 6
1.4.1 國際云計(jì)算標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的現(xiàn)狀 ..................................................................................... 6
1.4.2 國內(nèi)云計(jì)算標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的現(xiàn)狀 ................................................................................... 12
1.5 云計(jì)算的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 .......................................................................................................... 13
1.5.1 國際云計(jì)算的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 ....................................................................................... 13
1.5.2 國內(nèi)云計(jì)算的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 ....................................................................................... 15
1.6 云計(jì)算的挑戰(zhàn) .................................................................................................................. 17
本章小結(jié) .................................................................................................................................. 19
習(xí)題 ......................................................................................................................................... 19

第2章 云計(jì)算的系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu) ......................................................................................................... 20
2.1 云計(jì)算的系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)概念 ................................................................................................... 20
2.2 云計(jì)算的系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)模型 ................................................................................................... 20
2.3 云計(jì)算服務(wù)層次結(jié)構(gòu) ...................................................................................................... 21
2.4 云計(jì)算技術(shù)層次結(jié)構(gòu) ...................................................................................................... 23
2.5 云計(jì)算SOA層次結(jié)構(gòu) .................................................................................................... 24
2.6 典型的云計(jì)算平臺(tái)及系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu) ....................................................................................... 25
本章小結(jié) .................................................................................................................................. 33
習(xí)題 ......................................................................................................................................... 33
第3章 云計(jì)算的關(guān)鍵技術(shù) ......................................................................................................... 35
3.1 資源池技術(shù) ..................................................................................................................... 35
3.2 數(shù)據(jù)中心技術(shù) .................................................................................................................. 37
3.2.1 數(shù)據(jù)中心的概念與發(fā)展 ....................................................................................... 37
3.2.2 典型的云計(jì)算數(shù)據(jù)中心 ....................................................................................... 38
3.3 虛擬化技術(shù) ..................................................................................................................... 39
3.3.1 虛擬化的基本概念 .............................................................................................. 39
3.3.2 虛擬化的平臺(tái)架構(gòu)與部署 ................................................................................... 41
3.3.3 虛擬化的技術(shù)優(yōu)勢 .............................................................................................. 43
3.3.4 虛擬化的技術(shù)類型與實(shí)現(xiàn)形式 ........................................................................... 44
3.3.5 虛擬化技術(shù)存在的問題 ....................................................................................... 46
3.4 資源管理技術(shù) .................................................................................................................. 47
3.4.1 資源監(jiān)測 ............................................................................................................. 48
3.4.2 資源調(diào)度 ............................................................................................................. 49
3.4.3 分布式資源管理技術(shù) .......................................................................................... 49
3.4.4 云計(jì)算系統(tǒng)管理技術(shù) .......................................................................................... 50
3.4.5 數(shù)據(jù)管理技術(shù) ...................................................................................................... 50
3.5 網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信技術(shù) .................................................................................................................. 53
3.6 編程模型及語言 .............................................................................................................. 54
3.6.1 MapReduce編程模型 .......................................................................................... 54
3.6.2 編程語言 ............................................................................................................. 56
3.7 云存儲(chǔ)技術(shù) ..................................................................................................................... 56
3.7.1 集群存儲(chǔ)技術(shù) ...................................................................................................... 56
3.7.2 分布式文件系統(tǒng) .................................................................................................. 57
3.7.3 分布式數(shù)據(jù)庫 ...................................................................................................... 58
3.8 云安全技術(shù) ..................................................................................................................... 58
3.8.1 物理環(huán)境安全 ...................................................................................................... 59
3.8.2 鏈路與網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全 .................................................................................................. 59
3.8.3 數(shù)據(jù)安全 ............................................................................................................. 60
3.8.4 管理安全 ............................................................................................................. 60
3.8.5 環(huán)境考慮 ............................................................................................................. 61
本章小結(jié) .................................................................................................................................. 61
習(xí)題 ......................................................................................................................................... 61
第4章 云存儲(chǔ)技術(shù)及應(yīng)用 ......................................................................................................... 62
4.1 云存儲(chǔ)概述 ..................................................................................................................... 62
4.1.1 云存儲(chǔ)的概念 ...................................................................................................... 62
4.1.2 云存儲(chǔ)與云計(jì)算的關(guān)系 ....................................................................................... 63
4.1.3 云存儲(chǔ)與傳統(tǒng)存儲(chǔ)的關(guān)系 ................................................................................... 63
4.2 云存儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu) .............................................................................................................. 63
4.3 云存儲(chǔ)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù) .......................................................................................................... 65
4.3.1 存儲(chǔ)虛擬化技術(shù) .................................................................................................. 65
4.3.2 分布式存儲(chǔ)技術(shù) .................................................................................................. 66
4.3.3 數(shù)據(jù)備份技術(shù) ...................................................................................................... 67
4.3.4 數(shù)據(jù)縮減技術(shù) ...................................................................................................... 67
4.3.5 存儲(chǔ)安全技術(shù) ...................................................................................................... 69
4.3.6 容錯(cuò)技術(shù) ............................................................................................................. 70
4.4 云存儲(chǔ)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化 .............................................................................................................. 71
4.4.1 云存儲(chǔ)的國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化 .......................................................................................... 71
4.4.2 云存儲(chǔ)的國內(nèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化 .......................................................................................... 74
4.5 云存儲(chǔ)的安全性 .............................................................................................................. 74
4.6 云存儲(chǔ)服務(wù)系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用 ...................................................................................................... 76
4.6.1 個(gè)人級(jí)云存儲(chǔ)應(yīng)用 .............................................................................................. 76
4.6.2 企業(yè)級(jí)云存儲(chǔ)應(yīng)用 .............................................................................................. 76
本章小結(jié) .................................................................................................................................. 77
習(xí)題 ......................................................................................................................................... 77
第5章 云安全技術(shù)及應(yīng)用 ......................................................................................................... 78
5.1 云計(jì)算的安全問題 .......................................................................................................... 78
5.2 云計(jì)算的安全屬性 .......................................................................................................... 79
5.2.1 可靠性 ................................................................................................................. 79
5.2.2 可用性 ................................................................................................................. 79
5.2.3 保密性 ................................................................................................................. 80
5.2.4 完整性 ................................................................................................................. 81
5.2.5 不可抵賴性.......................................................................................................... 81
5.2.6 可控性 ................................................................................................................. 81
5.3 云計(jì)算的安全架構(gòu) .......................................................................................................... 81
5.3.1 用戶認(rèn)證與授權(quán) .................................................................................................. 82
5.3.2 數(shù)據(jù)隔離 ............................................................................................................. 84
5.3.3 數(shù)據(jù)加密及隱私保護(hù) .......................................................................................... 85
5.3.4 網(wǎng)絡(luò)隔離 ............................................................................................................. 87
5.3.5 災(zāi)備恢復(fù) ............................................................................................................. 89
5.4 云計(jì)算安全的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化 ...................................................................................................... 90
5.4.1 ISO/IEC JTC1/SC27 ............................................................................................. 90
5.4.2 ITU-T ................................................................................................................... 91
5.4.3 CSA ..................................................................................................................... 91
5.4.4 NIST .................................................................................................................... 92
5.4.5 ENISA ................................................................................................................. 93
5.4.6 全國信息安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會(huì) ....................................................................... 93
5.4.7 云服務(wù)的制度和法律環(huán)境建設(shè) ........................................................................... 94
5.5 云計(jì)算和服務(wù)保險(xiǎn) .......................................................................................................... 95
5.6 云計(jì)算安全實(shí)施步驟 ...................................................................................................... 95
5.7 阿里云安全策略與方法 ................................................................................................... 99
5.7.1 安全策略 ............................................................................................................. 99
5.7.2 組織安全 ............................................................................................................. 99
5.7.3 合規(guī)安全 ............................................................................................................. 99
5.7.4 數(shù)據(jù)安全 ............................................................................................................. 99
5.7.5 訪問控制 ........................................................................................................... 100
5.7.6 人員安全 ........................................................................................................... 100
5.7.7 物理和環(huán)境安全 ................................................................................................ 100
5.7.8 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施安全 .................................................................................................... 100
5.7.9 系統(tǒng)和軟件開發(fā)及維護(hù) ..................................................................................... 101
5.7.10 災(zāi)難恢復(fù)及業(yè)務(wù)連續(xù)性 ................................................................................... 101
本章小結(jié) ................................................................................................................................ 101
習(xí)題 ....................................................................................................................................... 101
第6章 開源云計(jì)算系統(tǒng) ........................................................................................................... 102
6.1 開源軟件與云計(jì)算 ........................................................................................................ 102
6.2 主流開源云計(jì)算系統(tǒng) .................................................................................................... 103
6.2.1 Hadoop .............................................................................................................. 103
6.2.2 Eucalyptus .......................................................................................................... 106
6.2.3 OpenStack .......................................................................................................... 109
6.2.4 CloudStack ......................................................................................................... 110
6.2.5 云原生及K8s架構(gòu) ............................................................................................ 115
本章小結(jié) ................................................................................................................................ 116
習(xí)題 ....................................................................................................................................... 116
第7章 云計(jì)算應(yīng)用開發(fā)實(shí)例 ................................................................................................... 117
7.1 Microsoft Azure Service云應(yīng)用開發(fā) ............................................................................. 117
7.2 Salesforce云應(yīng)用開發(fā) ................................................................................................... 121
7.3 Amazon AWS云應(yīng)用開發(fā) ............................................................................................. 122
7.4 Google App Engine云應(yīng)用開發(fā) .................................................................................... 127
7.4.1 Google App Engine介紹 .................................................................................... 127
7.4.2 Google App Engine的應(yīng)用與服務(wù) ..................................................................... 127
7.4.3 Google App Engine開發(fā)流程 ............................................................................ 129
7.5 Hadoop云計(jì)算編程實(shí)例 ............................................................................................... 129
7.5.1 Hadoop分布式編程模型 ................................................................................... 129
7.5.2 Hadoop數(shù)據(jù)排序?qū)嵗?....................................................................................... 130
7.6 阿里云自助實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)及案例 ......................................................................................... 133
7.6.1 阿里云自助實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)簡介 ................................................................................. 133
7.6.2 阿里云自助實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟 ........................................................................................ 135
7.6.3 阿里云自助實(shí)驗(yàn)案例 ........................................................................................ 135
本章小結(jié) ................................................................................................................................ 141
習(xí)題 ....................................................................................................................................... 141
第8章 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的概念與發(fā)展 ................................................................................................... 142
8.1 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的概念及定義 .................................................................................................... 142
8.1.1 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的概念 .................................................................................................... 142
8.1.2 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的定義 .................................................................................................... 143
8.2 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展歷程 ........................................................................................................ 145
8.3 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的特征 ................................................................................................................ 146
8.4 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化 ............................................................................................................ 147
8.5 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r ........................................................................................................ 150
8.5.1 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的國際發(fā)展?fàn)顩r ..................................................................................... 150
8.5.2 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的國內(nèi)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r ..................................................................................... 152
8.5.3 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的應(yīng)用案例 ............................................................................................ 153
8.6 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展的挑戰(zhàn)與建議 ............................................................................................. 159
8.6.1 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展的挑戰(zhàn) ............................................................................................ 159
8.6.2 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展的建議 ............................................................................................ 160
本章小結(jié) ................................................................................................................................ 161
習(xí)題 ....................................................................................................................................... 161
第9章 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu) ....................................................................................................... 162
9.1 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)原則 ............................................................................................. 162
9.2 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的一般體系結(jié)構(gòu) ................................................................................................. 163
9.2.1 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的3層架構(gòu) ............................................................................................ 163
9.2.2 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的4層架構(gòu) ............................................................................................ 164
9.3 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的自主體系結(jié)構(gòu) ................................................................................................. 164
9.4 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的EPC體系結(jié)構(gòu) ............................................................................................... 165
9.5 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的CPS體系結(jié)構(gòu) ............................................................................................... 167
9.6 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的SOA體系結(jié)構(gòu) ............................................................................................... 169
9.7 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系結(jié)構(gòu) ................................................................................................. 171
9.7.1 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系框架 ........................................................................................ 171
9.7.2 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化狀況 ..................................................................................... 172
本章小結(jié) ................................................................................................................................ 173
習(xí)題 ....................................................................................................................................... 173
第10章 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù) ..................................................................................................... 174
10.1 現(xiàn)代感知與標(biāo)識(shí)技術(shù) .................................................................................................. 174
10.1.1 條碼技術(shù) ......................................................................................................... 174
10.1.2 RFID ................................................................................................................ 181
10.1.3 傳感器技術(shù) ...................................................................................................... 184
10.2 嵌入式系統(tǒng)技術(shù) .......................................................................................................... 186
10.2.1 嵌入式系統(tǒng)的概念 .......................................................................................... 186
10.2.2 嵌入式系統(tǒng)的組成與分類 ............................................................................... 187
10.2.3 嵌入式系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn) .......................................................................................... 188
10.2.4 嵌入式系統(tǒng)開發(fā)技術(shù) ...................................................................................... 191
10.2.5 從嵌入式系統(tǒng)視角看物聯(lián)網(wǎng) ........................................................................... 191
10.3 網(wǎng)絡(luò)與通信技術(shù) .......................................................................................................... 192
10.3.1 短距離網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信 .............................................................................................. 192
10.3.2 廣域網(wǎng)通信技術(shù) .............................................................................................. 216
10.4 信息融合技術(shù) .............................................................................................................. 223
10.4.1 信息融合的定義 .............................................................................................. 223
10.4.2 信息融合的分層模型 ...................................................................................... 223
10.4.3 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息融合的新問題 ............................................................................... 224
10.5 智能信息處理技術(shù) ...................................................................................................... 225
10.6 新型服務(wù)計(jì)算技術(shù) ...................................................................................................... 226
10.6.1 云計(jì)算與物聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息服務(wù) ............................................................................... 226
10.6.2 霧計(jì)算與物聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息服務(wù) ............................................................................... 228
10.6.3 邊緣計(jì)算與物聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息服務(wù) ........................................................................... 228
10.6.4 認(rèn)知計(jì)算與物聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息服務(wù) ........................................................................... 229
10.7 網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與管理技術(shù) .................................................................................................. 229
本章小結(jié) ................................................................................................................................ 231
習(xí)題 ....................................................................................................................................... 231
第11章 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全 ................................................................................................................. 232
11.1 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全概述 .......................................................................................................... 232
11.2 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的安全問題 ...................................................................................................... 233
11.3 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的安全需求 ...................................................................................................... 235
11.4 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的安全機(jī)制 ...................................................................................................... 236
11.5 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的安全技術(shù) ...................................................................................................... 237
11.5.1 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)感知層安全技術(shù) ................................................................................... 237
11.5.2 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)傳輸層安全技術(shù) ................................................................................... 239
11.5.3 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)處理層安全技術(shù) ................................................................................... 239
11.5.4 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用層安全技術(shù) ................................................................................... 239
11.6 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ...................................................................................................... 241
11.6.1 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全的國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ................................................................................... 241
11.6.2 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全的國內(nèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ................................................................................... 242
11.7 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全的六大關(guān)系 ............................................................................................... 243
本章小結(jié) ................................................................................................................................ 244
習(xí)題 ....................................................................................................................................... 244
第12章 工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)標(biāo)識(shí)解析及安全 ..................................................................................... 245
12.1 工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的基本概念與架構(gòu) ................................................................................... 245
12.1.1 工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)基本概念及發(fā)展歷程.................................................................... 245
12.1.2 工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)整體架構(gòu) ...................................................................................... 246
12.2 工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)標(biāo)識(shí)解析體系與技術(shù)................................................................................ 246
12.2.1 工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)標(biāo)識(shí)解析體系相關(guān)概念及架構(gòu) .................................................... 246
12.2.2 國內(nèi)標(biāo)識(shí)解析體系 .......................................................................................... 248
12.2.3 國際標(biāo)識(shí)解析體系 .......................................................................................... 251
12.3 工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)標(biāo)識(shí)解析相關(guān)安全技術(shù) ............................................................................ 255
12.3.1 工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全體系框架 ............................................................................... 255
12.3.2 標(biāo)識(shí)解析安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析模型 ........................................................................... 255
12.3.3 標(biāo)識(shí)解析體系風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析 ................................................................................... 256
12.3.4 標(biāo)識(shí)解析安全框架 .......................................................................................... 257
12.3.5 標(biāo)識(shí)解析安全關(guān)鍵技術(shù) ................................................................................... 258
12.4 工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)標(biāo)識(shí)解析相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ................................................................................... 261
12.4.1 標(biāo)識(shí)解析相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)概述 ................................................................................... 261
12.4.2 工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系 ............................................................................... 262
本章小結(jié) ................................................................................................................................ 263
習(xí)題 ....................................................................................................................................... 263
第13章 云計(jì)算與物聯(lián)網(wǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn) ................................................................................................. 264
13.1 RFID實(shí)驗(yàn) ................................................................................................................... 264
13.1.1 RFID實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)介紹 ........................................................................................ 264
13.1.2 RFID 認(rèn)知實(shí)驗(yàn) ............................................................................................... 265
13.2 ZigBee實(shí)驗(yàn) ................................................................................................................. 269
13.2.1 TI CC2530處理器介紹.................................................................................... 269
13.2.2 ZigBee點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)通信實(shí)驗(yàn) .................................................................................. 270
13.2.3 ZigBee協(xié)議分析實(shí)驗(yàn) ...................................................................................... 274
13.3 Wi-Fi實(shí)驗(yàn) ................................................................................................................... 279
13.4 藍(lán)牙實(shí)驗(yàn) ..................................................................................................................... 284
13.5 Hadoop云計(jì)算實(shí)驗(yàn) ..................................................................................................... 290
13.5.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?......................................................................................................... 290
13.5.2 實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境 ......................................................................................................... 290
13.5.3 實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)說明 .................................................................................................. 290
13.5.4 實(shí)驗(yàn)過程 ......................................................................................................... 291
13.5.5 附件 ................................................................................................................. 296
13.6 MQTT發(fā)布/訂閱物聯(lián)網(wǎng)消息實(shí)驗(yàn) .............................................................................. 297
13.6.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?......................................................................................................... 297
13.6.2 實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境 ......................................................................................................... 297
13.6.3 實(shí)驗(yàn)原理 ......................................................................................................... 297
13.6.4 實(shí)驗(yàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu) .......................................................................................... 298
13.6.5 實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境搭建 .................................................................................................. 298
13.6.6 Python MQTT客戶端消息發(fā)布/訂閱實(shí)驗(yàn) ...................................................... 299
13.6.7 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與思考 .............................................................................................. 304
本章小結(jié) ................................................................................................................................ 304
習(xí)題 ....................................................................................................................................... 304
索引 ............................................................................................................................................305
參考文獻(xiàn) ................................................................................................................................... 308