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信創(chuàng)服務(wù)器操作系統(tǒng)的配置與管理(麒麟版) 讀者對(duì)象:高職高專、應(yīng)用型本科、技師等院校的計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)、云計(jì)算應(yīng)用技術(shù)、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用技術(shù)、移動(dòng)通信技術(shù)等專業(yè)和社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)相關(guān)工作人員。
本書圍繞系統(tǒng)管理員、網(wǎng)絡(luò)工程師等崗位對(duì) Kylin 系統(tǒng)及網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)管理核心技能的要求,引入行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和職業(yè)崗位標(biāo)準(zhǔn),以基于 Kylin 系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建的網(wǎng)絡(luò)主流技術(shù)和主流產(chǎn)品為載體,引入企業(yè)應(yīng)用需求,將Kylin 系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和服務(wù)架構(gòu)融入各項(xiàng)目任務(wù)中。本書設(shè)計(jì)的項(xiàng)目取材自真實(shí)企業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目,是針對(duì)中小型網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)與管理中涉及的技術(shù)技能,加以提煉而來的。項(xiàng)目包括企業(yè)服務(wù)器操作系統(tǒng)選型、使用 Shell 管理本地文件、管理信息中心的用戶與組、Kylin 系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)配置、企業(yè)內(nèi)部數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)與共享、部署企業(yè)的 DHCP 服務(wù)、部署企業(yè)的 DNS 服務(wù)、部署企業(yè)的 Web 服務(wù)、部署企業(yè)的 FTP 服務(wù)、部署企業(yè)的 Squid 服務(wù)、部署企業(yè)的郵件服務(wù)、部署 Kylin系統(tǒng)服務(wù)器防火墻。本書配備了電子課件、微課、課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、課后習(xí)題等教學(xué)資源,適合網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)人員、網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理和維護(hù)人員、網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)集成人員閱讀和使用,同時(shí)可作為高職高專和應(yīng)用型本科院校相關(guān)專業(yè)的教學(xué)參考用書。
黃君羨,高工,微軟認(rèn)證專家,2010年微軟校園之星大賽評(píng)委,銳捷認(rèn)證金牌講師,微軟認(rèn)證講師,廣東交通職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院院級(jí)教學(xué)名師、教學(xué)能手,廣東交通職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院信息學(xué)院副院長。著作方向?yàn)榫W(wǎng)絡(luò)工程、網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)管理、云計(jì)算。主持或主要參與等校外教科研項(xiàng)目10項(xiàng),主持院級(jí)項(xiàng)目5項(xiàng),主要參與院級(jí)項(xiàng)目3項(xiàng),獲發(fā)明專利1項(xiàng)、實(shí)用新型專利1項(xiàng)、軟件著作權(quán)1項(xiàng)。公開發(fā)表論文12篇,出版教材5部.
項(xiàng)目 1? 企業(yè)服務(wù)器操作系統(tǒng)選型 .....................................................................................1
項(xiàng)目描述.......................................................................................................................... 1 項(xiàng)目分析.......................................................................................................................... 1 相關(guān)知識(shí).......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Linux 概述 ...................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Linux 內(nèi)核 ...................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Linux 發(fā)行版本 .............................................................................................. 2 1.4 Kylin 系統(tǒng)簡介 .............................................................................................. 3 項(xiàng)目實(shí)施.......................................................................................................................... 5 任務(wù) 1-1 安裝 Kylin 系統(tǒng) .................................................................................... 5 練習(xí)與實(shí)踐.................................................................................................................... 13 項(xiàng)目 2? 使用 Shell 管理本地文件 ....................................................................................15 項(xiàng)目描述........................................................................................................................ 15 項(xiàng)目分析........................................................................................................................ 15 相關(guān)知識(shí)........................................................................................................................ 15 2.1 Shell .............................................................................................................. 15 2.2 Bash............................................................................................................... 16 2.3 目錄結(jié)構(gòu)....................................................................................................... 28 2.4 文件系統(tǒng)....................................................................................................... 29 2.5 分區(qū)............................................................................................................... 31 2.6 vim 編輯器 ................................................................................................... 34 項(xiàng)目實(shí)施........................................................................................................................ 35 任務(wù) 2-1 Bash 基礎(chǔ)環(huán)境設(shè)置 ............................................................................ 35 任務(wù) 2-2 命令行下文件與目錄的管理 ............................................................. 37 任務(wù) 2-3 命令行下修改系統(tǒng)的配置文件 ......................................................... 41 任務(wù) 2-4 命令行下分區(qū)的創(chuàng)建與掛載 ............................................................. 45 練習(xí)與實(shí)踐.................................................................................................................... 48 項(xiàng)目 3 管理信息中心的用戶與組 ...................................................................................49 項(xiàng)目描述........................................................................................................................ 49 項(xiàng)目分析........................................................................................................................ 50 相關(guān)知識(shí)........................................................................................................................ 50 3.1 用戶............................................................................................................... 50 3.2 用戶組........................................................................................................... 51 3.3 用戶配置文件............................................................................................... 51 3.4 用戶組配置文件........................................................................................... 53 項(xiàng)目實(shí)施........................................................................................................................ 54 任務(wù) 3-1 管理信息中心的用戶賬戶 ................................................................. 54 任務(wù) 3-2 管理信息中心的組賬戶 ..................................................................... 56 練習(xí)與實(shí)踐.................................................................................................................... 61 項(xiàng)目 4 Kylin 系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)配置.........................................................................................64 項(xiàng)目描述........................................................................................................................ 64 項(xiàng)目分析........................................................................................................................ 64 相關(guān)知識(shí)........................................................................................................................ 65 4.1 網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接的基本概念................................................................................... 65 4.2 系統(tǒng)時(shí)間....................................................................................................... 66 4.3 SSH 遠(yuǎn)程登錄 .............................................................................................. 67 項(xiàng)目實(shí)施........................................................................................................................ 67 任務(wù) 4-1 配置系統(tǒng)的基本環(huán)境 ......................................................................... 67 任務(wù) 4-2 配置系統(tǒng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接 ......................................................................... 69 任務(wù) 4-3 校準(zhǔn)系統(tǒng)時(shí)間 ..................................................................................... 73 練習(xí)與實(shí)踐.................................................................................................................... 75 項(xiàng)目 5 企業(yè)內(nèi)部數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)與共享 ...................................................................................78 項(xiàng)目描述........................................................................................................................ 78 項(xiàng)目分析........................................................................................................................ 79 相關(guān)知識(shí)........................................................................................................................ 80 5.1 Linux 文件權(quán)限 ............................................................................................ 80 5.2 Samba 服務(wù) ................................................................................................... 80 5.3 Samba 常用配置文件及參數(shù)解析 ............................................................... 81 項(xiàng)目實(shí)施........................................................................................................................ 82 任務(wù) 5-1 共享文件及權(quán)限的配置 ..................................................................... 82 任務(wù) 5-2 配置 Samba 服務(wù)器的用戶共享 ........................................................ 85 練習(xí)與實(shí)踐.................................................................................................................... 91 項(xiàng)目 6 部署企業(yè)的 DHCP 服務(wù)......................................................................................93 項(xiàng)目描述........................................................................................................................ 93 項(xiàng)目分析........................................................................................................................ 94 相關(guān)知識(shí)........................................................................................................................ 94 6.1 DHCP 的概念 ............................................................................................... 94 6.2 DHCP 客戶端首次接入網(wǎng)絡(luò)的工作過程 ................................................... 95 6.3 DHCP 客戶端 IP 地址租約的更新 ............................................................. 98 6.4 DHCP 客戶端租用失敗的自動(dòng)配置 ........................................................... 99 6.5 DHCP 中繼代理服務(wù) ................................................................................... 99 6.6 DHCP 服務(wù)常用文件及參數(shù)解析 ............................................................. 100 項(xiàng)目實(shí)施...................................................................................................................... 103 任務(wù) 6-1 部署 DHCP 服務(wù),實(shí)現(xiàn)信息中心客戶端接入局域網(wǎng)................... 103 任務(wù) 6-2 配置 DHCP 選項(xiàng),實(shí)現(xiàn)信息中心客戶端訪問外部網(wǎng)絡(luò)............... 109 任務(wù) 6-3 配置 DHCP 中繼,實(shí)現(xiàn)所有部門客戶端自動(dòng)配置網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息....... 111 任務(wù) 6-4 DHCP 服務(wù)器的日常運(yùn)維與管理.................................................... 115 練習(xí)與實(shí)踐.................................................................................................................. 119 項(xiàng)目 7 部署企業(yè)的 DNS 服務(wù) ......................................................................................121 項(xiàng)目描述...................................................................................................................... 121 項(xiàng)目分析...................................................................................................................... 122 相關(guān)知識(shí)...................................................................................................................... 122 7.1 DNS 的基本概念........................................................................................ 123 7.2 DNS 服務(wù)器的分類.................................................................................... 124 7.3 DNS 的查詢模式........................................................................................ 125 7.4 DNS 域名解析過程.................................................................................... 126 7.5 DNS 服務(wù)常用文件及參數(shù)解析................................................................ 127 項(xiàng)目實(shí)施...................................................................................................................... 131 任務(wù) 7-1 實(shí)現(xiàn)總部主 DNS 服務(wù)器的部署 ..................................................... 131 任務(wù) 7-2 實(shí)現(xiàn)廣州子公司委派 DNS 服務(wù)器的部署 ..................................... 137 任務(wù) 7-3 實(shí)現(xiàn)香港辦事處輔助 DNS 服務(wù)器的部署 ..................................... 144 任務(wù) 7-4 DNS 服務(wù)器的管理 .......................................................................... 148 練習(xí)與實(shí)踐.................................................................................................................. 151 項(xiàng)目 8? 部署企業(yè)的 Web 服務(wù) ......................................................................................154 項(xiàng)目描述...................................................................................................................... 154 項(xiàng)目分析...................................................................................................................... 155 相關(guān)知識(shí)...................................................................................................................... 155 8.1 Web 服務(wù)簡介 ............................................................................................ 155 8.2 URL 的概念................................................................................................ 156 8.3 Web 服務(wù)器工作原理 ................................................................................ 156 8.4 Apache 簡介 ................................................................................................ 157 8.5 Apache 常用文件及參數(shù)解析 .................................................................... 158 項(xiàng)目實(shí)施...................................................................................................................... 160 任務(wù) 8-1 部署企業(yè)的門戶網(wǎng)站(HTML) ...................................................... 160 任務(wù) 8-2 基于端口部署人事管理系統(tǒng)站點(diǎn) ................................................... 161 任務(wù) 8-3 基于域名部署項(xiàng)目管理系統(tǒng)站點(diǎn) ................................................... 163 練習(xí)與實(shí)踐.................................................................................................................. 167 項(xiàng)目 9 部署企業(yè)的 FTP 服務(wù).......................................................................................170 項(xiàng)目描述...................................................................................................................... 170 項(xiàng)目分析...................................................................................................................... 171 相關(guān)知識(shí)...................................................................................................................... 172 9.1 FTP 協(xié)議的組成 ......................................................................................... 172 9.2 常用 FTP 服務(wù)器和客戶端程序 ................................................................ 172 9.3 FTP 協(xié)議的典型消息 ................................................................................. 173 9.4 匿名 FTP 與實(shí)名 FTP ................................................................................ 174 9.5 FTP 協(xié)議的工作原理與工作方式 ............................................................. 175 9.6 FTP 服務(wù)常用文件及參數(shù)解析 ................................................................. 177 項(xiàng)目實(shí)施...................................................................................................................... 180 任務(wù) 9-1 部署企業(yè)公共 FTP 站點(diǎn) .................................................................. 180 任務(wù) 9-2 部署部門專屬 FTP 站點(diǎn) .................................................................. 184 任務(wù) 9-3 配置 FTP 服務(wù)器權(quán)限 ...................................................................... 187 練習(xí)與實(shí)踐.................................................................................................................. 192 項(xiàng)目 10 部署企業(yè)的 Squid 服務(wù)...................................................................................195 項(xiàng)目描述...................................................................................................................... 195 項(xiàng)目分析...................................................................................................................... 196 相關(guān)知識(shí)...................................................................................................................... 196 10.1 Squid ......................................................................................................... 196 10.2 Squid 服務(wù)的工作流程 ............................................................................ 196 10.3 正向代理................................................................................................... 197 10.4 反向代理................................................................................................... 198 10.5 正向代理和反向代理的區(qū)別................................................................... 198 10.6 透明代理................................................................................................... 199 10.7 Squid ACL ................................................................................................. 199 10.8 Squid 服務(wù)常用配置文件及解析 ............................................................ 200 項(xiàng)目實(shí)施...................................................................................................................... 202 任務(wù) 10-1 部署企業(yè)的正向代理服務(wù)器 ......................................................... 202 任務(wù) 10-2 設(shè)置企業(yè) Squid ACL 規(guī)則 ............................................................. 205 任務(wù) 10-3 部署企業(yè)的反向代理服務(wù)器 ......................................................... 208 練習(xí)與實(shí)踐.................................................................................................................. 209 項(xiàng)目 11 部署企業(yè)的郵件服務(wù) ......................................................................................212 項(xiàng)目描述...................................................................................................................... 212 項(xiàng)目分析...................................................................................................................... 213 相關(guān)知識(shí)...................................................................................................................... 213 11.1 POP3、SMTP 與 IMAP .......................................................................... 213 11.2 電子郵件系統(tǒng)及其工作原理 ................................................................... 214 11.3 Postfix 服務(wù) ............................................................................................... 216 11.4 Dovecot 服務(wù) ............................................................................................ 217 11.5 Postfix 服務(wù)常用文件及參數(shù)解析 .......................................................... 217 11.6 Dovecot 服務(wù)常用文件及參數(shù)解析 ........................................................ 218 項(xiàng)目實(shí)施...................................................................................................................... 220 任務(wù) 11-1 部署及配置 Postfix 郵件發(fā)件服務(wù) ................................................ 220 任務(wù) 11-2 部署及配置 Dovecot 郵件收件服務(wù) .............................................. 224 任務(wù) 11-3 申請(qǐng)郵件域名的主機(jī)記錄 ............................................................. 227 練習(xí)與實(shí)踐.................................................................................................................. 232 項(xiàng)目 12 部署 Kylin 系統(tǒng)服務(wù)器防火墻 .........................................................................235 項(xiàng)目描述...................................................................................................................... 235 項(xiàng)目分析...................................................................................................................... 236 相關(guān)知識(shí)...................................................................................................................... 237 12.1 防火墻的類型........................................................................................... 237 12.2 Netfilter ..................................................................................................... 237 12.3 iptables ...................................................................................................... 237 12.4 firewalld .................................................................................................... 237 項(xiàng)目實(shí)施...................................................................................................................... 238 任務(wù) 12-1 配置 NAT 地址轉(zhuǎn)換 ....................................................................... 238 任務(wù) 12-2 配置防火墻規(guī)則 ............................................................................. 241 練習(xí)與實(shí)踐.................................................................................................................. 243
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