目 錄
第一篇 Python 程序設(shè)計實驗概述
第1 章 Python 程序設(shè)計實驗的目的與要求 ···························································.3
1.1 Python 程序設(shè)計實驗的目的 ····································································.3
1.2 Python 程序設(shè)計實驗的基本要求 ······························································.3
1.3 程序的編寫與測試 ················································································.4
1.4 人才培養(yǎng)與課程學(xué)習(xí)建議 ·······································································.5
第2 章 問題求解與計算思維 ··············································································.8
2.1 計算概述 ····························································································.9
2.2 求解計算機問題 ··················································································.10
2.3 計算思維 ···························································································.14
2.4 算法 ·································································································.19
2.5 數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu) ···························································································.23
2.6 算法評價 ···························································································.26
第3 章 典型算法介紹 ·······················································································29
3.1 枚舉算法 ···························································································.29
3.2 遞歸算法 ···························································································.31
3.3 分治算法 ···························································································.34
3.4 遞推算法 ···························································································.35
3.5 貪心算法 ···························································································.36
3.6 回溯算法 ···························································································.38
3.7 迭代算法 ···························································································.40
習(xí)題 ········································································································.41
第二篇 基礎(chǔ)實驗
實驗0 Python 環(huán)境配置 ····················································································45
一、實驗?zāi)康?····························································································.45
二、知識要點 ····························································································.45
三、實例解析 ····························································································.48
四、實驗內(nèi)容 ····························································································.50
實驗1 數(shù)據(jù)的輸入和輸出 ··················································································52
一、實驗?zāi)康?····························································································.52
二、知識要點 ····························································································.52
三、實例解析 ····························································································.53
四、實驗內(nèi)容 ····························································································.55
實驗2 turtle 繪圖 ····························································································58
一、實驗?zāi)康?····························································································.58
二、知識要點 ····························································································.58
三、實例解析 ····························································································.60
四、實驗內(nèi)容 ····························································································.62
實驗3 運算符與表達(dá)式 ·····················································································64
一、實驗?zāi)康?····························································································.64
二、知識要點 ····························································································.64
三、實例解析 ····························································································.68
四、實驗內(nèi)容 ····························································································.71
實驗4 字符串 ·································································································75
一、實驗?zāi)康?····························································································.75
二、知識要點 ····························································································.75
三、實例解析 ····························································································.78
四、實驗內(nèi)容 ····························································································.83
實驗5 選擇結(jié)構(gòu)程序設(shè)計 ··················································································86
一、實驗?zāi)康?····························································································.86
二、知識要點 ····························································································.86
三、實例解析 ····························································································.87
四、實驗內(nèi)容 ····························································································.92
實驗6 循環(huán)結(jié)構(gòu)程序設(shè)計 ··················································································94
一、實驗?zāi)康?····························································································.94
二、知識要點 ····························································································.94
三、實例解析 ····························································································.96
四、實驗內(nèi)容 ··························································································.103
實驗7 列表與元組 ························································································.105
一、實驗?zāi)康?··························································································.105
二、知識要點 ··························································································.105
三、實例解析 ··························································································.107
四、實驗內(nèi)容 ··························································································.112
實驗8 字典與集合 ························································································.116
一、實驗?zāi)康?··························································································.116
二、知識要點 ··························································································.116
三、實例解析 ··························································································.118
四、實驗內(nèi)容 ··························································································.123
實驗9 函數(shù) ·································································································.126
一、實驗?zāi)康?··························································································.126
二、知識要點 ··························································································.126
三、實例解析 ··························································································.128
四、實驗內(nèi)容 ··························································································.133
實驗10 文件 ·······························································································.137
一、實驗?zāi)康?··························································································.137
二、知識要點 ··························································································.137
三、實例解析 ··························································································.138
四、實驗內(nèi)容 ··························································································.141
實驗11 調(diào)試和異常處理 ················································································.143
一、實驗?zāi)康?··························································································.143
二、知識要點 ··························································································.143
三、實例解析 ··························································································.145
四、實驗內(nèi)容 ··························································································.147
實驗12 面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計基礎(chǔ) ·······································································.150
一、實驗?zāi)康?··························································································.150
二、知識要點 ··························································································.150
三、實例解析 ··························································································.151
四、實驗內(nèi)容 ··························································································.153
實驗13 tkinter 圖形界面設(shè)計 ··········································································.155
一、實驗?zāi)康?··························································································.155
二、知識要點 ··························································································.155
三、實例解析 ··························································································.157
四、實驗內(nèi)容 ··························································································.159
實驗14 Python 科學(xué)計算與數(shù)據(jù)分析 ································································.161
一、實驗?zāi)康?··························································································.161
二、知識要點 ··························································································.161
三、實例解析 ··························································································.163
四、實驗內(nèi)容 ··························································································.165
實驗15 數(shù)據(jù)可視化 ······················································································.166
一、實驗?zāi)康?··························································································.166
二、知識要點 ··························································································.166
三、實例解析 ··························································································.167
四、實驗內(nèi)容 ··························································································.174
實驗16 網(wǎng)絡(luò)爬蟲入門 ···················································································.177
一、實驗?zāi)康?··························································································.177
二、知識要點 ··························································································.177
三、實例解析 ··························································································.179
四、實驗內(nèi)容 ··························································································.182
實驗17 中文詞云 ·························································································.184
一、實驗?zāi)康?··························································································.184
二、知識要點 ··························································································.184
三、實例解析 ··························································································.186
四、實驗內(nèi)容 ··························································································.189
第三篇 Python 綜合編程實例
實驗18 趣味數(shù)字 ·························································································.193
實例18-1 水仙花數(shù) ·················································································.193
實例 18-2 完全數(shù) ····················································································.198
實例18-3 快樂數(shù) ····················································································.202
實例18-4 不變初心數(shù) ··············································································.205
實驗內(nèi)容 ································································································.207
實驗19 趣味算法 ·························································································.208
實例19-1 鞍點 ·······················································································.208
實例19-2 猴子選猴王 ··············································································.210
實例19-3 漢諾塔問題 ··············································································.213
實驗內(nèi)容 ································································································.216
實驗20 趣味邏輯推理 ···················································································.217
實例20-1 猴子吃桃問題 ···········································································.217
實例20-2 雞兔同籠 ·················································································.219
實例20-3 幼兒園分糖果 ···········································································.221
實驗內(nèi)容 ································································································.223
實驗21 趣味應(yīng)用實例 ···················································································.225
實例21-1 簡易計算器 ··············································································.225
實例21-2 隨機生成驗證碼 ········································································.227
實驗21-3 超市寄存柜 ··············································································.229
實例21-4 彩虹瓶 ····················································································.232
實驗內(nèi)容 ································································································.235
實驗22 字符串應(yīng)用 ······················································································.237
實例22-1 變位詞 ····················································································.237
實例22-2 詞頻統(tǒng)計 ·················································································.238
實例22-3 加密和解密 ··············································································.241
實驗內(nèi)容 ································································································.244
參考文獻(xiàn) ······································································································.245