目 錄
第 1 章 BGP 路由協(xié)議 ·····················································································.1
1.1 BGP 路徑屬性 ······················································································.1
1.1.1 Origin 屬性··················································································.1
? 原理 ·······················································································.1
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?·················································································.1
? 實(shí)施步驟 ·················································································.1
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ·················································································.4
? 問題與思考 ··············································································.5
1.1.2 AS-Path 屬性 ···············································································.5
? 原理 ·······················································································.5
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?·················································································.5
? 實(shí)施步驟 ·················································································.5
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ·················································································.7
? 問題與思考 ··············································································.8
1.1.3 Next-Hop 屬性 ·············································································.8
? 原理 ·······················································································.8
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?·················································································.9
? 實(shí)施步驟 ·················································································.9
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ···············································································.11
? 問題與思考 ············································································.13
1.1.4 Local Preference 屬性···································································.13
? 原理 ·····················································································.13
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?···············································································.14
? 實(shí)施步驟 ···············································································.14
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ···············································································.16
? 問題與思考 ············································································.17
1.1.5 MED 屬性·················································································.17
? 原理 ·····················································································.17
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?···············································································.17
? 實(shí)施步驟 ···············································································.17
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ···············································································.19
? 問題與思考 ············································································.21
1.1.6 Community 屬性 ···································································21
? 原理 ·····················································································.21
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?···············································································.22
? 實(shí)施步驟 ···············································································.22
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ···············································································.24
? 問題與思考 ············································································.26
1.2 BGP 選路原則 ····················································································.26
1.2.1 選路原則 1—優(yōu)選 Weight 值大····················································.26
? 原理 ·····················································································.26
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?···············································································.26
? 實(shí)施步驟 ···············································································.26
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ···············································································.29
? 問題與思考 ············································································.30
1.2.2 選路原則 2—優(yōu)選 Local Preference 值大········································.31
? 原理 ·····················································································.31
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?···············································································.31
? 實(shí)施步驟 ···············································································.31
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ···············································································.36
? 問題與思考 ············································································.42
1.2.3 選路原則 3—優(yōu)選 AS-Path 長度短 ···············································.42
? 原理 ·····················································································.42
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?···············································································.42
? 實(shí)施步驟 ···············································································.42
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ···············································································.47
? 問題與思考 ············································································.51
1.2.4 選路原則 4—Origin 優(yōu)選 i＞e＞?····················································.51
? 原理 ·····················································································.51
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?···············································································.52
? 實(shí)施步驟 ···············································································.52
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ···············································································.54
? 問題與思考 ············································································.55
1.2.5 選路原則 5—優(yōu)選 MED 值小······················································.55
? 原理 ·····················································································.55
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?···············································································.56
? 實(shí)施步驟 ···············································································.56
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ···············································································.60
? 問題與思考 ············································································.62
1.2.6 選路原則 6—優(yōu)選 EBGP 路由·····················································.63
? 原理 ·····················································································.63
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?···············································································.63
? 實(shí)施步驟 ···············································································.63
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ···············································································.66
? 問題與思考 ············································································.67
1.2.7 選路原則 7—優(yōu)選最近的 IGP 鄰居通告 ········································.67
? 原理 ·····················································································.67
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?···············································································.68
? 實(shí)施步驟 ···············································································.68
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ···············································································.71
? 問題與思考 ············································································.73
1.2.8 選路原則 8—等價(jià)負(fù)載······························································.73
? 原理 ·····················································································.73
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?···············································································.73
? 實(shí)施步驟 ···············································································.73
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ···············································································.76
? 問題與思考 ············································································.78
1.2.9 選路原則 9—優(yōu)選 Router ID 值小 ················································.78
? 原理 ·····················································································.78
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?···············································································.79
? 實(shí)施步驟 ···············································································.79
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ···············································································.81
? 問題與思考 ············································································.82
1.2.10 選路原則 10—優(yōu)選 Cluster List 短 ··············································.83
? 原理 ·····················································································.83
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?···············································································.83
? 實(shí)施步驟 ···············································································.83
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ···············································································.86
? 問題與思考 ············································································.88
1.2.11 選路原則 11—優(yōu)選鄰居 IP 地址小··············································.88
? 原理 ·····················································································.88
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?···············································································.88
? 實(shí)施步驟 ···············································································.88
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ···············································································.90
? 問題與思考 ············································································.92
1.3 BGP 高級特性 ····················································································.92
1.3.1 BGP 反射器···············································································.92
? 原理 ·····················································································.92
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?···············································································.93
? 實(shí)施步驟 ···············································································.93
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ···············································································.96
? 問題與思考 ············································································.98
1.3.2 BGP 聯(lián)盟··················································································.98
? 原理 ·····················································································.98
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?···············································································.99
? 實(shí)施步驟 ···············································································.99
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.103
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.105
1.3.3 BGP 匯總·················································································.105
? 原理 ····················································································.105
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.106
? 實(shí)施步驟 ··············································································.106
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.109
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.112
第 2 章 IS-IS 路由協(xié)議··················································································.113
2.1 IS-IS 協(xié)議配置···················································································.113
2.1.1 IS-IS 基礎(chǔ)配置 ··········································································.113
? 原理 ····················································································.113
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.114
? 實(shí)施步驟 ··············································································.114
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.116
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.117
2.1.2 IS-IS 路由滲透配置 ····································································.117
? 原理 ····················································································.117
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.118
? 實(shí)施步驟 ··············································································.118
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.123
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.126
2.2 IS-IS 特性·························································································.127
2.2.1 IS-IS 協(xié)議認(rèn)證配置 ·····································································127
? 原理 ····················································································.127
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.127
? 實(shí)施步驟 ··············································································.127
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.130
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.130
2.2.2 IS-IS 協(xié)議匯總配置 ·····································································130
? 原理 ····················································································.130
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.131
? 實(shí)施步驟 ··············································································.131
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.133
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.136
第 3 章 MPLS VPN 協(xié)議 ···············································································.137
3.1 MPLS 協(xié)議 ·······················································································.137
3.1.1 靜態(tài) MPLS 協(xié)議配置···································································137
? 原理 ····················································································.137
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.138
? 實(shí)施步驟 ··············································································.138
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.141
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.144
3.1.2 動態(tài) MPLS LDP 協(xié)議配置 ····························································144
? 原理 ····················································································.144
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.145
? 實(shí)施步驟 ··············································································.145
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.148
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.151
3.2 MPLS VPN 協(xié)議·················································································.151
3.2.1 單域 VPN 實(shí)例配置·····································································151
? 原理 ····················································································.151
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.153
? 實(shí)施步驟 ··············································································.154
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.159
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.165
3.2.2 MPLS VPN-Hub Spoke 配置 ··························································165
? 原理 ····················································································.165
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.165
? 實(shí)施步驟 ··············································································.165
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.170
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.176
3.3 跨域 MPLS VPN·················································································.176
3.3.1 跨域 MPLS VPN-OptionA ·····························································176
? 原理 ····················································································.176
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.176
? 實(shí)施步驟 ··············································································.177
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.182
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.191
3.3.2 跨域 MPLS VPN-OptionB ·····························································191
? 原理 ····················································································.191
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.192
? 實(shí)施步驟 ··············································································.192
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.196
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.205
3.3.3 跨域 MPLS VPN-OptionC（1）······················································205
? 原理 ····················································································.205
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.206
? 實(shí)施步驟 ··············································································.206
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.210
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.224
3.3.4 跨域 MPLS VPN-OptionC（2）······················································224
? 原理 ····················································································.224
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.224
? 實(shí)施步驟 ··············································································.224
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.229
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.239
第 4 章 GRE Over IPSec VPN 協(xié)議···································································241
4.1 GRE 隧道 ·························································································.241
? 原理 ····················································································.241
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.241
? 實(shí)施步驟 ··············································································.242
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.243
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.245
4.2 GRE Over IPSec VPN 隧道 ·····································································245
? 原理 ····················································································.245
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.247
? 實(shí)施步驟 ··············································································.247
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.249
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.252
第 5 章 IPv6 協(xié)議·························································································.253
5.1 IPv6 路由協(xié)議····················································································.253
5.1.1 IPv6 靜態(tài)路由協(xié)議······································································253
? 原理 ····················································································.253
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.253
? 實(shí)施步驟 ···············································································254
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.256
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.259
5.1.2 OSPFv3 路由協(xié)議 ······································································.260
? 原理 ····················································································.260
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.260
? 實(shí)施步驟 ··············································································.260
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.262
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.265
5.1.3 BGP4+路由協(xié)議 ········································································.265
? 原理 ····················································································.265
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.265
? 實(shí)施步驟 ··············································································.265
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.268
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.270
5.2 IPv6 過渡技術(shù)····················································································.270
5.2.1 IPv6 手工隧道（GRE）································································270
? 原理 ····················································································.270
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.271
? 實(shí)施步驟 ··············································································.271
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.273
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.275
5.2.2 IPv6 自動隧道（6to4） ································································275
? 原理 ····················································································.275
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.276
? 實(shí)施步驟 ··············································································.276
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.278
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.280
5.2.3 IPv6 自動隧道（ISATAP）····························································280
? 原理 ····················································································.280
? 任務(wù)拓?fù)?··············································································.281
? 實(shí)施步驟 ··············································································.281
? 任務(wù)驗(yàn)證 ··············································································.284
? 問題與思考 ···········································································.287