《人稱范疇》無論是對人稱范疇的語言比較還是單一語言的研究，都具有很高的參考價值。就國內(nèi)而言，它對研究中國境內(nèi)眾多方言紛繁復(fù)雜的人稱現(xiàn)象及其歷史演化都會有直接的幫助。人稱在語言學(xué)上指表示言談角色的語法范疇，《人稱范疇》可以說是語種基礎(chǔ)最為廣泛、探討最為全面深入的一部專著。它以包含700多種語言的語種庫為材料基礎(chǔ)，很多結(jié)論都是在對這些語言的窮盡性觀察和統(tǒng)計的基礎(chǔ)上得出的，這提高了相關(guān)結(jié)論的可信性。
《人稱范疇》是迄今為止第一部全面系統(tǒng)的研究人稱范疇的著作，通過對七百多種語言中第一、二、三人稱詞作跨語言調(diào)查，作者比較其不同的表現(xiàn)，并發(fā)現(xiàn)不同的表現(xiàn)背后的原因。他還研究了人稱詞形式在語言中的使用情況，人稱詞之間的語義區(qū)別的性質(zhì)，在句子和篇章中怎樣使用及其不同的社會意義。通過調(diào)查人稱形式的不同語法和其使用的語境，《人稱范疇》鮮明反對了從形態(tài)和句法性質(zhì)等任意性角度對人稱詞進行的研究。
List of figures
List of tables
Preface
List of abbreviations
1 Introduction
1.1 Person as a grammatical category
1.1.1 Person paradigms
1.1.2 First and second persons vs third person
1.2 The universality of person markers
1.3 The nature of this book
2 The typology of person forms
2.1 Morpho-phonological form
2.1.1 Independent forms
2.1.2 Dependent person markers
2.2 Syntactic function
2.2.1 Syntactic function and morpho-phonological form
2.2.2 The encoding of syntactic function
2.3 Discourse function
3 The structure of person paradigms
3.1 Fewer than three persons
3.2 Variation with respect to number
3.2.1 More than one person and the inclusive/exclusive distinction
3.2.2 Duals and larger numbers
3.2.3 Number and the person hierarchy
3.2.4 Towards a typology of paradigmatic structure
3.3 Variation in gender
3.3.1 Gender and the person hierarchy
3.3.2 Gender and number
3.3.3 Gender and the inclusive/exclusive distinction
3.4 Differences between paradigms
3.4.1 Independent w dependent paradigms
3.4.2 Differences between dependent forms
4 Person agreement
4.1 Anaphoric pronoun vs person agreement marker
4.2 The targets of person agreement
4.2.1 Predicates
4.2.2 Possessed nouns
4.2.3 Adpositions and other targets
4.3 The controllers of person agreement
4.3.1 The person hierarchy
4.3.2 The nominal hierarchy
4.3.3 The animacy hierarchy
4.3.4 The referential hierarchy
4.3.5 The focus hierarchy
4.4 The markers of person agreement
4.4.1 Person agreement and morpho-phonological form
4.4.2 The location of person markers
5 The function of person forms
5.1 Cognitive discourse analysis and referent accessibility
5.2 Referent accessibility and the distribution of person forms in discourse
5.2.1 Entity saliency
5.2.2 Unity
5.3 Accessibility and the intra-sentential distribution of person forms
5.3.1 Chomskys Binding Theory
5.3.2 Referent accessibility and BT
5.3.3 The avoid pronoun constraint
5.4 Beyond referent accessibility
5.4.1 Long-distance reflexives, logophoricity and point of view
5.4.2 Person marker vs other referential expression and speaker empathy
5.5 Person markers and impersonalization
6 Person forms and social deixis
6.1 Alternation in semantic categories
6.1.1 Variation in number
6.1.2 Variation in person
6.1.3 The use of reflexives
6.2 Special honorific person markers
6.3 Omission of person markers
7 Person forms in a diachronic perspective
7.1 The sources of person markers
7.1.1 Lexical sources
7.1.2 Demonstratives
7.1.3 Other person markers
7.1.4 Conjugated verbal forms
7.1.5 Other grammatical markers
7.2 From independent person marker to syntactic agreement marker
7.2.1 Three accounts of the early stages of the grammaticalization of person markers
7.2.2 Syntactic agreement markers
7.3 Language externally driven changes in person marking
7.3.1 Borrowing of person markers
7.3.2 Loss of person agreement
Appendix 1. List of languages in the sample by macro-area
Appendix 2. Genetic classification of languages cited in the text
References
Author index
Language index
Subject index
書單推薦
