緒論1
0.1化工原理實驗的教學目的1
0.2化工原理實驗的教學特點1
0.3化工原理實驗的教學內容與方法2
0.4化工原理實驗的教學環(huán)節(jié)和要求2
0.5化工原理實驗的基本安全知識6
0.5.1實驗守則7
0.5.2基本安全知識7
0.6任務書12
0.6.1阻力實驗12
0.6.2離心泵實驗13
0.6.3過濾實驗14
0.6.4傳熱實驗15
0.6.5吸收實驗16
0.6.6精餾實驗18
0.6.7干燥實驗19
0.6.8液液萃取實驗20

第1章化工原理實驗研究方法22
1.1直接實驗法22
1.2量綱分析法22
1.2.1量綱分析法具體步驟23
1.2.2量綱分析法舉例說明23
1.3數學模型法25
1.3.1數學模型法主要步驟25
1.3.2數學模型法舉例說明25
1.3.3數學模型法和量綱分析法的比較26

第2章實驗數據的誤差分析28
2.1真值與平均值28
2.2誤差的分類29
2.3誤差的表示方法30
2.4精密度、正確度和精確度31
2.5實驗數據的有效數字31
2.6誤差的處理方法33
2.7直接測量的誤差估算36
2.8間接測量中的誤差傳遞38
2.9誤差分析的具體應用39

第3章實驗數據處理42
3.1列表法42
3.1.1數據表的分類42
3.1.2設計實驗數據表應注意的事項43
3.2圖示法43
3.2.1坐標系選擇的基本原則44
3.2.2坐標分度的確定44
3.2.3設計實驗數據圖應注意的事項45
3.3數學方程表示法46
3.3.1圖解分析法46
3.3.2回歸分析法49

第4章Excel與Origin軟件的應用54
4.1Excel在實驗數據處理中的應用54
4.2Origin在實驗數據回歸與繪圖中的應用60

第5章實驗室常用測量儀表69
5.1溫度測量69
5.1.1膨脹式溫度計70
5.1.2熱電偶溫度計71
5.1.3熱電阻溫度計74
5.1.4溫度計的選擇和使用原則75
5.2壓力(差)測量75
5.2.1液柱式壓力計75
5.2.2彈性式壓力計77
5.2.3電氣式壓力計79
5.2.4活塞式壓力計81
5.2.5壓力(差)計的校驗81
5.3流量測量815.3.1速度式流量計81
5.3.2容積式流量計85
5.3.3質量流量計85
5.3.4流量計的檢驗和標定86
5.4液位測量86
5.4.1直讀式液位計86
5.4.2差壓式液位計87
5.4.3浮力式液位計88

第6章化工原理虛擬仿真實驗91
6.1虛擬仿真實驗概述91
6.1.1基本操作91
6.1.2菜單選擇項功能說明93
6.1.3儀表和閥門調節(jié)說明95
6.1.4注意事項97
6.2雷諾演示仿真實驗97
6.2.1仿真主界面97
6.2.2雷諾演示實驗裝置97
6.2.3實驗項目98
6.3化工流動過程綜合實驗98
6.3.1仿真主界面98
6.3.2化工流動過程綜合實驗裝置99
6.3.3實驗項目99
6.4離心泵綜合性能測定實驗99
6.4.1仿真主界面99
6.4.2離心泵實驗裝置100
6.4.3實驗項目100
6.5恒壓過濾實驗101
6.5.1仿真主界面101
6.5.2恒壓過濾實驗裝置101
6.5.3實驗項目102
6.5.4可變換的實驗條件102
6.5.5數據處理注意事項102
6.6傳熱綜合實驗102
6.6.1仿真主界面102
6.6.2傳熱綜合實驗裝置103
6.6.3實驗項目103
6.6.4可變換的實驗條件103
6.7二氧化碳吸收與解吸實驗104
6.7.1仿真主界面104
6.7.2二氧化碳吸收與解吸實驗裝置104
6.7.3實驗項目105
6.7.4可變換的實驗條件105
6.7.5注意事項105
6.8精餾綜合拓展實驗105
6.8.1仿真主界面105
6.8.2精餾綜合拓展實驗裝置106
6.8.3實驗項目107
6.8.4注意事項107
6.9液液萃取實驗108
6.9.1仿真主界面108
6.9.2液液萃取實驗裝置108
6.9.3實驗項目109
6.9.4可變換的實驗條件109
6.9.5注意事項109
6.10洞道干燥實驗109
6.10.1仿真主界面109
6.10.2洞道干燥實驗裝置109
6.10.3實驗項目110
6.10.4可變換的實驗條件110
6.10.5注意事項110

第7章化工原理演示實驗111
7.1雷諾實驗111
7.1.1實驗目的111
7.1.2實驗原理111
7.1.3實驗裝置111
7.1.4實驗步驟111
7.1.5注意事項113
7.1.6思考題113
7.2能量轉化(流體機械能轉化)演示實驗113
7.2.1實驗目的113
7.2.2實驗原理113
7.2.3實驗裝置113
7.2.4實驗步驟114
7.2.5注意事項115
7.2.6思考題115
7.3流線演示實驗115
7.3.1實驗目的115
7.3.2實驗原理115
7.3.3實驗裝置115
7.3.4實驗步驟116
7.3.5思考題117
7.4非均相氣固分離演示實驗117
7.4.1實驗目的117
7.4.2實驗原理117
7.4.3實驗裝置118
7.4.4實驗步驟118
7.4.5注意事項120
7.4.6思考題120
7.5板式塔流體力學性能演示實驗120
7.5.1實驗目的120
7.5.2實驗原理120
7.5.3實驗裝置121
7.5.4實驗步驟122
7.5.5注意事項122
7.5.6思考題122

第8章化工原理“三型”實驗123
8.1流體流動阻力實驗123
8.1.1實驗目的123
8.1.2實驗原理123
8.1.3實驗裝置與流程125
8.1.4實驗步驟及注意事項126
8.1.5思考題127
8.2離心泵實驗128
8.2.1實驗目的128
8.2.2實驗原理128
8.2.3實驗裝置與流程129
8.2.4實驗步驟及注意事項130
8.2.5思考題131
8.3過濾實驗132
8.3.1實驗目的132
8.3.2實驗原理132
8.3.3實驗裝置與流程133
8.3.4實驗步驟及注意事項134
8.3.5思考題135
8.4傳熱實驗136
8.4.1實驗目的136
8.4.2實驗原理136
8.4.3實驗裝置與流程137
8.4.4實驗步驟與注意事項140
8.4.5思考題142
8.5吸收實驗142
8.5.1實驗目的142
8.5.2實驗原理143
8.5.3實驗裝置與流程144
8.5.4實驗步驟與注意事項146
8.5.5思考題147
8.6精餾實驗148
8.6.1實驗目的148
8.6.2實驗原理148
8.6.3實驗裝置與流程151
8.6.4實驗步驟與注意事項154
8.6.5思考題155
8.7干燥實驗156
8.7.1實驗目的156
8.7.2實驗原理156
8.7.3實驗裝置與流程158
8.7.4實驗步驟與注意事項159
8.7.5思考題160

第9章化工原理自組裝實驗161
9.1自組裝實驗目的161
9.2自組裝實驗要求161
9.3自組裝實驗主要設備、儀表與配件162
9.3.1流體流動阻力自組裝實驗162
9.3.2泵性能測試自組裝實驗163
9.3.3傳熱過程強化自組裝實驗164
9.3.4列管換熱自組裝實驗164

第10章化工原理提高型實驗與實訓166
10.1液液萃取提高型實驗166
10.1.1實驗目的166
10.1.2實驗原理166
10.1.3實驗裝置與流程167
10.1.4實驗步驟與注意事項167
10.1.5思考題171
10.2多效蒸發(fā)綜合實訓172
10.2.1實訓目的172
10.2.2基本原理172
10.2.3工藝流程、主要設備及儀表172
10.2.4實訓項目174
10.3吸收解吸綜合實訓175
10.3.1實訓目的175
10.3.2基本原理176
10.3.3工藝流程、主要設備及儀表176
10.3.4實訓項目176

Introduction180
0.1Teaching objectives180
0.2Teaching characteristics181
0.3Teaching content and methods181
0.4Teaching requirements182
0.5Basic safety knowledge of the experiment189
0.5.1Experimental rules189
0.5.2Basic safety knowledge190
0.6Tasks196
0.6.1Resistance experiment196
0.6.2Centrifugal pump experiment197
0.6.3Filtration experiment199
0.6.4Heat transfer experiment201
0.6.5Absorption experiment202
0.6.6Distillation experiment205
0.6.7Drying experiment207
0.6.8Liquid-liquid extraction experiment208

Chapter 1 Research Methods of Chemical Engineering Principle Experiment211
1.1Direct experiment method211
1.2Dimensional analysis method211
1.2.1Specific steps of dimensional analysis212
1.2.2Dimensional analysis examples213
1.3Mathematical model method215
1.3.1Main steps of mathematical model method215
1.3.2Mathematical model method example216
1.3.3Comparison of mathematical model method and dimensional analysis method217

Chapter 2 Error Analysis of Experimental Data219
2.1True values and the mean219
2.2Error classification220
2.3Error representation methods221
2.4Precision，trueness and accuracy223
2.5Effective digits of experimental data224
2.6Error handling methods227
2.7Error estimation of directly measured values230
2.8Error propagation in indirect measurements233
2.9Application examples of error analysis234

Chapter 3 Experimental Data Processing238
3.1Tabular method238
3.1.1Classification of data tables238
3.1.2Considerations for designing experimental data tables239
3.2Graphic method240
3.2.1Basic principles of coordinate system selection240
3.2.2Determination of coordinate division241
3.2.3Considerations for designing experimental data graphs242
3.3Mathematical equation representation method243
3.3.1Graphic analysis method244
3.3.2Regression analysis method247

Chapter 4 Applications of Excel and Origin Software253
4.1Application of Excel in the experimental data processing253
4.2Application of Origin in experimental data regression and plotting260

Chapter 5 Commonly Used Measuring Instruments in the Laboratory269
5.1Temperature measurement269
5.1.1Expansion thermometer270
5.1.2Thermocouple thermometer273
5.1.3Thermistor thermometer276
5.1.4Principles of thermometer selection and use277
5.2Pressure (pressure drop)measurement278
5.2.1Liquid column pressure gauge278
5.2.2Elastic pressure gauge280
5.2.3Electric pressure gauge283
5.2.4Piston pressure gauge285
5.2.5Calibration of pressure gauge285
5.3Flow measurement286
5.3.1Velocity flowmeter286
5.3.2Volumetric flowmeter291
5.3.3Mass flowmeter292
5.3.4Flowmeter inspection and calibration292
5.4Liquid level measurement293
5.4.1Direct reading level gauge293
5.4.2Differential pressure level gauge295
5.4.3Buoyancy liquid level gauge296

Chapter 6 Virtual Simulation Experiments of Chemical Engineering Principle299
6.1Overview of virtual simulation experiments299
6.1.1Basic operations299
6.1.2Description of menu selection functions301
6.1.3Instrument and valve adjustment instructions304
6.1.4Precautions306
6.2Simulation experiment of Reynolds demonstration306
6.2.1Main interface of simulation306
6.2.2Reynolds demonstration experimental device307
6.2.3Experiment projects308
6.3Comprehensive experiment of chemical flow processes308
6.3.1Main interface of simulation308
6.3.2Experimental device for the comprehensive experiment of chemical flow processes308
6.3.3Experiment projects309
6.4Experiment of centrifugal pump comprehensive performance measurement309
6.4.1Main interface of simulation309
6.4.2Centrifugal pump experimental device310
6.4.3Experiment projects311
6.5Filtration experiment under constant pressure311
6.5.1Main interface of simulation311
6.5.2Experimental device of filtration under constant pressure311
6.5.3Experiment projects312
6.5.4Adjustable experimental conditions312
6.5.5Notes for data processing312
6.6Comprehensive experiment of heat transfer313
6.6.1Main interface of simulation313
6.6.2Experimental device for comprehensive experiment of heat transfer313
6.6.3Experiment projects314
6.6.4Adjustable experimental conditions315
6.7Carbon dioxide absorption and desorption experiment315
6.7.1Main interface of simulation315
6.7.2Experimental device of carbon dioxide absorption and desorption315
6.7.3Experiment projects316
6.7.4Adjustable experimental conditions317
6.7.5Precautions317
6.8Comprehensive experiment of rectification317
6.8.1Main interface of simulation317
6.8.2Experimental device for comprehensive experiment of rectification318
6.8.3Experiment projects319
6.8.4Precautions319
6.9Liquid-liquid extraction experiment320
6.9.1Main interface of simulation320
6.9.2Experimental device for liquid-liquid extraction320
6.9.3Experiment projects321
6.9.4Adjustable experimental conditions321
6.9.5Precautions322
6.10Tunnel drying experiment322
6.10.1Main interface of simulation322
6.10.2Tunnel drying experimental device323
6.10.3Experiment projects323
6.10.4Adjustable experimental conditions323
6.10.5Precautions324

Chapter 7 Demonstration Experiment of Chemical Engineering Principle325
7.1Reynolds experiment325
7.1.1Experimental objectives325
7.1.2Experimental principles325
7.1.3Experimental device325
7.1.4Experimental procedures326
7.1.5Precautions327
7.1.6Questions328
7.2Demonstration experiment of energy conversion (fluid mechanical energy conversion)328
7.2.1Experimental objectives328
7.2.2Experimental principles328
7.2.3Experimental device329
7.2.4Experimental procedures330
7.2.5Precautions330
7.2.6Questions330
7.3Streamline demonstration experiment331
7.3.1Experimental objectives331
7.3.2Experimental principles331
7.3.3Experimental device3327.3.4Experimental procedures333
7.3.5Questions333
7.4Demonstration experiment of heterogeneous gas-solid separation334
7.4.1Experimental objectives334
7.4.2Experimental principles334
7.4.3Experimental device336
7.4.4Experimental procedures337
7.4.5Precautions337
7.4.6Questions337
7.5Demonstration experiment of hydrodynamic performance of plate column338
7.5.1Experimental objectives338
7.5.2Experimental principles338
7.5.3Experimental device339
7.5.4Experimental procedures340
7.5.5Precautions340
7.5.6Questions341

Chapter 8 Chemical Engineering Principle “Three Type”Experiment342
8.1Fluid flow resistance experiment342
8.1.1Experimental objective342
8.1.2Experimental principles342
8.1.3Experimental device344
8.1.4Experimental procedures and precautions344
8.1.5Questions347
8.2Centrifugal pump experiment348
8.2.1Experimental objective348
8.2.2Experimental principles348
8.2.3Experimental device350
8.2.4Experimental procedures and precautions351
8.2.5Questions352
8.3Filtration experiment353
8.3.1Experimental objective353
8.3.2Experimental principles353
8.3.3Experimental device355
8.3.4Experimental procedures and precautions356
8.3.5Questions358
8.4Heat transfer experiment359
8.4.1Experimental objectives359
8.4.2Experimental principles359
8.4.3Experimental device360
8.4.4Experimental procedures and precautions363
8.4.5Questions366
8.5Absorption experiment367
8.5.1Experimental objectives367
8.5.2Experimental principles367
8.5.3Experimental device369
8.5.4Experimental procedures and precautions371
8.5.5Questions373
8.6Distillation experiment374
8.6.1Experimental objectives374
8.6.2Experimental principles375
8.6.3Experimental device378
8.6.4Experimental procedures and precautions381
8.6.5Questions383
8.7Drying experiment384
8.7.1Experimental objectives384
8.7.2Experimental principles385
8.7.3Experimental device387
8.7.4Experimental procedures and precautions387
8.7.5Questions389

Chapter 9 Self-designed Experiments of Chemical Engineering Principle391
9.1Purpose of self-designed experiments391
9.2Requirements of self-designed experiments392
9.3Equipment for self-designed experiments392
9.3.1Self-designed experiment of fluid flow resistance392
9.3.2Self-designed experiment of pump performance testing393
9.3.3Self-designed experiment of enhancedheat transfer394
9.3.4Self-designed experiment of shell-and-tube heat exchanger395

Chapter 10 Advanced Experiment and Practical Training397
10.1Advanced experiment of liquid-liquid extraction397
10.1.1Experimental objectives397
10.1.2Experimental principles397
10.1.3Experimental device399
10.1.4Experimental procedures and precautions399
10.1.5Questions404
10.2Multi-effect evaporation comprehensive training404
10.2.1Training objectives404
10.2.2Basic principles405
10.2.3Process，main devices and instruments406
10.2.4Training projects407
10.3Absorption-desorption comprehensive training410
10.3.1Training objectives410
10.3.2Basic principles410
10.3.3Process，main equipment and instruments411
10.3.4Training projects411

附錄416

參考文獻421