目錄
第一篇 跨座式單軌交通信號系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)
第1章 跨座式單軌交通信號系統(tǒng)概述························································· 1
1.1 緒 論·························································································· 1
1.2 跨座式單軌交通信號與線路································································· 7
1.3 跨座式單軌交通信號與道岔······························································· 17
第2章 跨座式單軌交通信號基礎(chǔ)設(shè)備························································ 23
2.1 繼電器························································································· 23
2.2 信號機························································································· 35
2.3 計軸設(shè)備······················································································ 41
2.4 軌道環(huán)線設(shè)備················································································ 49
2.5 應(yīng)答器························································································· 56
第3章 聯(lián)鎖設(shè)備················································································· 64
3.1 聯(lián)鎖概述······················································································ 64
3.2 TYJL-Ⅱ型計算機聯(lián)鎖系統(tǒng)·································································· 76
3.3 TYJL-Ⅲ型計算機聯(lián)鎖系統(tǒng)································································· 86
3.4 EI32-JD型計算機聯(lián)鎖系統(tǒng)································································ 94
第4章 列車運行自動控制（ATC）系統(tǒng)···················································· 106
4.1 ATC系統(tǒng)綜述··············································································· 106
4.2 ATP子系統(tǒng)·················································································· 115
4.3 ATO子系統(tǒng)·················································································· 119
4.4 ATS子系統(tǒng)·················································································· 123
4.5 基于感應(yīng)環(huán)線的跨座式單軌交通ATC系統(tǒng)············································· 131
4.6 基于CBTC的跨座式單軌交通ATC系統(tǒng)················································ 138
第二篇 跨座式單軌交通信號設(shè)備維護與故障處理
第5章 繼電器的維護與故障處理···························································· 150
5.1 繼電器的檢修要求和檢修流程··························································· 150
5.2 繼電器的故障檢修········································································· 153
第6章 信號機設(shè)備的維護與故障處理······················································· 157
6.1 LED信號機的維護········································································· 157
6.2 LED色燈信號機的故障處理······························································ 158
第7章 軌道環(huán)線設(shè)備的維護與故障處理···················································· 164
7.1 軌道環(huán)線設(shè)備的維護······································································ 164
7.2 軌道環(huán)線的故障處理······································································ 166
第8章 應(yīng)答器設(shè)備的維護與故障處理······················································· 168
8.1 應(yīng)答器的維護··············································································· 168
8.2 應(yīng)答器的故障處理········································································· 172
第9章 計軸設(shè)備的維護與故障處理························································· 175
9.1 計軸設(shè)備的維護············································································ 175
9.2 計軸設(shè)備的故障處理······································································ 179
9.3 計軸設(shè)備故障典型案例分析······························································ 185
第10章 計算機聯(lián)鎖設(shè)備的維護與故障處理················································ 189
10.1 計算機聯(lián)鎖系統(tǒng)的維護·································································· 189
10.2 計算機聯(lián)鎖系統(tǒng)的故障處理····························································· 191
10.3 典型故障案例分析········································································ 199
第11章 固定閉塞ATP/TD系統(tǒng)設(shè)備維護與故障處理····································· 202
11.1 固定閉塞ATP/TD系統(tǒng)設(shè)備的維護····················································· 202
11.2 固定閉塞ATP/TD系統(tǒng)設(shè)備的故障處理················································ 209
第12章 移動閉塞ATP/ATO系統(tǒng)設(shè)備維護與故障處理···································· 213
12.1 移動閉塞ATP/ATO系統(tǒng)設(shè)備的維護··················································· 213
12.2 移動閉塞ATP/ATO系統(tǒng)設(shè)備的故障處理·············································· 217
第13章 跨座式單軌列車自動監(jiān)控（ATS）系統(tǒng)設(shè)備的維護與故障處理··············· 224
13.1 跨座式單軌列車自動監(jiān)控（ATS）系統(tǒng)的維護······································· 224
13.2 跨座式單軌列車自動監(jiān)控（ATS）系統(tǒng)的故障處理································· 226
13.3 跨座式單軌列車自動監(jiān)控（ATS）系統(tǒng)典型案例分析······························· 233
第三篇 信號技術(shù)發(fā)展趨勢與前沿
第14章 信號技術(shù)發(fā)展趨勢與前沿··························································· 237
14.1 互聯(lián)互通的信號系統(tǒng)····································································· 237
14.2 綜合承載的無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)····································································· 246
14.3 全自動駕駛技術(shù)··········································································· 249
14.4 基于車-車通信的CBTC系統(tǒng)···························································· 254
參考文獻··························································································· 259
第1章 跨座式單軌交通信號系統(tǒng)概述
作為一種新型軌道交通方式，跨座式單軌交通的軌道梁既是運營車輛的載體，又是運營車輛的行走軌道，具有適應(yīng)力強、占地少、噪聲低、轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑小、爬坡能力強等優(yōu)點。其信號系統(tǒng)也因線路形式等原因有著和其他城市軌道交通信號系統(tǒng)不同之處，其線路形式直接決定了跨座式單軌交通信號系統(tǒng)的安裝方式、運行方式及布置方式。
1.1 緒 論
1.1.1 跨座式軌道交通簡介
單軌系統(tǒng)作為軌道交通運輸?shù)慕鉀Q方案和傳統(tǒng)鐵路一并起源于19世紀(jì)。當(dāng)時，傳統(tǒng)鐵路技術(shù)快速地投入了商用，而單軌交通受技術(shù)所限沒被大規(guī)模商用，直至20世紀(jì)相應(yīng)的技術(shù)問題才得到了很好的解決并逐步投入到城市軌道交通領(lǐng)域，單軌交通在城市軌道交通中具有獨特的生命力。
單軌系統(tǒng)在早期發(fā)展時就呈現(xiàn)了兩種不同的形態(tài)，一種是懸掛式單軌交通（見圖1-1-1），一種是跨座式單軌交通（見圖1-1-2）。懸掛式單軌交通為列車在軌道梁下懸垂并沿軌道梁運行的交通方式，它最早被設(shè)計用于貨物運輸，在城市軌道交通最早的運用為1901年德國烏帕塔單軌，該條單軌線路直到現(xiàn)今還在運營當(dāng)中。
跨座式單軌交通為列車跨坐在預(yù)應(yīng)力梁上運行的交通方式，其為當(dāng)今城市軌道交通單軌系統(tǒng)的最常用形式。19世紀(jì)50年代，德國ALWEG公司開始致力于研究和推動跨座式單軌交通的發(fā)展，并在加美國利福尼亞迪士尼樂園實施了其首個跨座式單軌項目。多年后，龐巴迪公司為美國佛羅里達的迪士尼樂園建設(shè)了相似的線路，一直使用至今天。
圖1-1-1 懸掛式單軌交通 圖1-1-2 跨座式單軌交通
跨座式單軌交通線路的應(yīng)用案例遍布全球，中國、日本、韓國、新加坡、德國、俄羅斯、美國、澳大利亞等國家均建設(shè)有跨座式軌道交通線路。國內(nèi)跨座式單軌線路主要分布在重慶、北京、臺灣，且有多個國內(nèi)城市擬于近期開始修建跨座式單軌軌道交通線路。由于在發(fā)展初期受技術(shù)限制，單軌交通一開始主要用于載客量較少的擺渡線路及通勤支線，進入20、21世紀(jì)，跨座式單軌技術(shù)得到了長足發(fā)展，被新興及發(fā)展中國家青睞并逐步用于城市軌道交通的主干線路，中國重慶、北京、韓國大邱等地新建的跨座式單軌線路均具備中、大型的運輸能力。
跨座式單軌交通運營線路由線路、車站、車輛段/停車場、控制中心組成，配備有跨座式單軌列車、供電、信號、通信、綜合監(jiān)控、AFC、屏蔽門、安防門禁、通風(fēng)空調(diào)、電扶梯等完善的系統(tǒng)設(shè)備，在運營管理人員的指揮及操作下，共同安全、高效地完成旅客輸送任務(wù)。
跨座式單軌具備以下優(yōu)點：
① 占用空間相對較小�？缱絾诬壿^適用于高架形式，對比起地鐵，高架跨座式單軌占地面積小，垂直空間亦較小。
② 環(huán)境友好。相比于地鐵，其高架對地面的遮擋較少，能和諧地融入城市景觀。單軌使用橡膠輪胎在混凝土梁上走行，本身具備低噪特點，穿越城市核心區(qū)域及噪聲敏感區(qū)域時，不需要額外增加其他降噪設(shè)施（如減震道床及聲屏障等），同時，跨座式單軌也比地鐵節(jié)能。
③ 跨座式單軌具備爬坡能力強、轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑小的特點，以高架形式穿越城市核心區(qū)域及特殊地形時具備更好的適應(yīng)能力。
④ 跨座式單軌車輛以轉(zhuǎn)向架導(dǎo)向輪車包裹軌道梁運行，因此不容易出軌，安全性更好。
⑤ 跨座式單軌具有比地鐵經(jīng)濟性更好的造價及維修價格指標(biāo)。
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